Demonstrators wave Palestinian flags and carry a banner reading 'Embargo Zionism Now' during a general strike in Italy called by labour unions to protest rising living costs and Europe's military support for Israel's genocide in Gaza. -AP
Dock and port workers have long had a tradition of solidarity with the oppressed, upheld by strong labour unions and workers' rights.
In February 2025, nearly a year and a half into Israel's genocidal war on Gaza, dockworkers' unions from Mediterranean countries came together to disrupt weapons shipments to Israel and Western countries' military support of the onslaught.
"Weapons need transport, infrastructure, and workers' hands to reach their destination," Markos Bekris, leader of Greece's dockworkers' union, ENEDEP, at the Port of Piraeus in Athens, told Al Jazeera. "That is where our power lies."
Now, dock and port workers in 22 countries across five continents are holding a strike on Friday, which workers and researchers told Al Jazeera is expected to be "historic" in scale. The International Day of Action of Dockworkers and Port Workers - also called "Dockworkers do not work for war" - involves 110 ports and 25 trade unions.
"Every union will do what they choose, but be connected to the same principles and struggle," Francesco Staccioli, the national secretary of transport and ports in Italy's USB trade union, told Al Jazeera.
The unions' main demand is "an immediate end to the genocide of the Palestinian people and all imperialist wars".
Mohammed al-Attar, a dockworker who left Gaza in 2015 and is now based in Hamburg, Germany, said the workers "are the power".
"We can save thousands of lives if we stop working just for two days," he said.
Al-Attar feels hopeful about the global strike, but is "deeply disappointed" in his trade union Ver.di in Germany, which he accused of "incomprehensible silence" over Gaza.
What is the International Day of Action of Dockworkers and Port Workers?
In early 2025, dockworkers in the Mediterranean area came together to discuss how to concretely act "against privatisation, and against the genocide in Palestine".
The original meeting included five unions organising in 20 ports across five countries, but continued to grow. The unions met several times, first in Athens, then in Genoa, and later in Istanbul. That was where unions from more than 35 ports published the Istanbul Declaration in May this year, and declared October 30 as their day of action.
In a statement, the unions called for the "recognition of an independent Palestinian state, recognised by the international community, within the 1967 borders and with East Jerusalem as its capital", and "an end to the US-Israeli wars of aggression in the Middle East and against Iran, and full solidarity with the peoples of Cuba, Venezuela and Sudan".
"Refusing the war is giving humanity a chance to live better. This is what I'm really convinced about," the USB's Staccioli told Al Jazeera.
How many ports and unions are taking part?
More than 25 dockworkers' trade unions, representing more than 110 ports in 22 countries and regions across five continents, are taking part. Most of the strikes will happen at regular working hours, but in France, Italy, India, Greece and Turkiye, 24-hour strikes have been called.
Strikes of up to two hours have also been announced in Morocco, Cyprus and other ports.
Organisers told Al Jazeera that workers and trade unions from other sectors have been called on to join with port workers, notably in Greece, while in Italy the USB has called for a general strike.
"It's bigger than we thought," Staccioli said. "This has spread all over the world."
No Harbour for Genocide (NHG), a campaigning collective that researches weapon supply chains, supports the action. A spokesperson told Al Jazeera that maritime infrastructure was important in "facilitating military trade within the context of the genocide in Palestine".
Dockworker unions in India, Sweden, Denmark, Australia, Brazil, Mexico, Uruguay and the west coast of the United States have all pledged to take part, the spokesperson added.
The Palestinian labour movement endorsed the strike and called on more to join, urging unions to "escalate Boycott, Divest, Sanctions (BDS) pressure to end all state, corporate and institutional complicity in Israel's illegal occupation, apartheid and genocide."
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